The study aims to assess the current quality and impacts of irrigation systems on agricultural activities in Hong Ngu district, Dong Thap province. The participatory rural apraisal (PRA) approach and the sustainable livelihoods framework were applied to collect data and evaluate impacts of the irrigation systems on livelihood asset sources of local rice farmers by the Likert scale with 5 levels. The study has conducted key information panel (KIP) interviews at province, district, and commune levels, farmer group discussions, and structured interviews with 135 rice-cultivated farmers in 4 communes of the semi- and full-dyke area in Hong Ngu district. The results show that the current irrigation systems ensured suitable water about 90% for the total rice-cultivated area in the study district. The irrigation system raised incomes of local farmers but also led to the degradation of soil and water quality, and fishery resources of the study area. The semi-dyke systems were built with main purposes to protect the second rice crop each year therefore there was no function to support transportation as it is with the full-dyke systems. The regional management of irrigation systems is weak, and it is proposed to have a regional management unit which will be responsible for operating irrigation systems in the district.
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