The disorder of endometrial tissue regeneration is the main cause of uterine adhesions, amenorrhea, and infertility in women. Monthly changes in the endometrial cycle and injured uterine regeneration confirm the role of stem cells, hormonal regulation as well as endometrial tissue structure. In previous studies, the use of a single or combined stem cell therapy, hormone therapy, and scaffold transplantation had been increasingly emphasized. This paper presented the evaluatation of the role of the stem cell and matrix combination in the presence of estrogen hormone in endometrial regeneration on the human injured uterine tissue model. Human uterine tissue fragments were collected and mechanically damaged for in vitro modeling. The fibrin scaffolds were fabricated and combined with, respectively, human adipose tissue stem cells (hADSCs) and human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) to be treated in an established injured model in conditions with or without estrogen. Histological assessments were performed to compare and confirm the regenerative effect of the treatments after 14 days of investigation. The results showed that there was no difference in the histological structure between the control treatment (no treatment) and the single treatment with stem cells. However, when stem cells were combined with fibrin matrix in the presence of estrogen, the uterine glands were formed where the layered structure of the endometrium was clearly demonstrated. In conclusion, the endometrial regenerating effect was well established by the combined treatment of these stem cells with fibrin scaffolds in the presence of estrogen. The combination of cells and scaffolds in tissue engineering therapy gradually showed the potential applications for in vitro studies, especially in the field of infertility treatment.
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