Curcumin, which is traditionally known to have effects on various types of diseases in humans, is found in Curcuma longa L. Previous reports indicated that the curcumin content varies between the different lines of this species, depending on other factors such as genotypes. A total of 24 genotypes originated from 14 provinces in Vietnam were used for study. Total curcumin content of all genotypes was measured using spectrometer. Curcuma longa genotypes were divided in two groups: Group I including 7 genotypes (N4, N6, N8, N9, NI0, Nl2 and N16) with low total curcumin content (0.25 - 0.62 percent); Group II including 17 remaining genotypes (Nl,N2, N3, N5, N7, Nll, N13, N14, N15, N17, N18, N19, N20, N21, N22, N23 and N24) with high total curcumin content (1,80 -7,19 percent). PCR-RFLP method was used to analyze external transcribed spacer (ETS) region in nuclear DNA (nrDNA) for identification of DNA molecular maker involved in curcumin concentration from collected samples. Total DNA was isolated and used as template for PCR amplification of ETS region using specific primers ETS-F: 5'-TTGCCGTCATGCGGCTATTT-3' and ETS-R: 5'TAGAGCCCATCACAGCAATA-3'. PCR products were purified, sequenced and digested by Hinf1 enzyme, then the products were electrophoresised to identify bands. Low curcumin content genotypes gave 4 bands (0.4 kb, 0.3 kb, 0.2 kb, 0.1 kb) and high curcumin content genotypes gave 2 bands (0.4 kb, 0.1 kb). Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on ETS region sequences of investigated genotypes using Neighbor - Joining method. All of low curcumin content genotypes were grouped in first group (group I) and high curcumin content genotypes were grouped in second group (group II). These results suggested that high curcumin genotypes of Curcuma Longa L. could be identified by PCR-RFLP marker.
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