The process of industrialization and modernization makes environmental pollution worse due to the accompanying discharge activities. The main processes causing air pollution are the burning of fossil fuels: coal, oil, and gas, producing: CO2, CO, SO2, NOx, and unburnt organic substances such as soot, dust, etc. The treatment of wastewater, sludge and removal of organic pollutants from the environment by radiation technology are of interest to research. In the waste environment, radiation produces oxidizing agents (•OH, H2O2, HO2 • ) which are strong oxidizing agents capable of mineralizing pollutants, not creating waste secondary (sludge). The main advantages of radiation technology are that the active free radicals are generated during the radiation without the use of harmful chemicals, high processing speed and normal temperature processing. This study present the state of art of the application of the radiation technology using electron beams in the environmental treatment around the world as well as in Vietnam.