For many years, actinomycetes and filamentous fungi species have been generally considered as main sources of antibiotic discovery and development. Reports on antibiotics produced by bacteria distributed in natural ecosystem are very rare. In this study, the authors accessed the biodiversity of antibiotic producing aerobic bacteria. Of 286 bacterial strains isolated from 18 soil samples collected at Hoang Lien National Park and its surrounding agriculture lands, 33 (11,5 percent) strains produced antibiotics against one of five common sensitive indicators of S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp.. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequence revealed 17 species belonging to 5 genera of Bacillus (11 species), Paenibacillus (2 species), Lysinibacillus (1 species), Burkholderia (1 species) and Pseudomonas (2 species). Those 33 strains were subsequently tested for antibiotic against 20 multidrug resistant indicators of S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. 13 strains demonstrated the antibiotic production against multi drug resistant indicators of S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Those strains classified into 9 species of 3 genera of Bacillus (7 species), Paenibacil/us (1 species) va BurkhoLderia (1 species). Although none of the strains produced antibiotic against multidrug resistant indicators of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, broad spectrum antibiotics produced by Paenibacil/us and Bacillus species isolated from the forest soils. The results confirmed the discovery potential of new antibiotics from Bacillus sensu Lato species occupied in natural ecosystems in Vietnam.
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