Analyzing genetic diversity of native drought tolerant rice varieties in Vietnam (including 39 local rice varieties tolerant to drought and IR64-reference variety which is sensitive to drought) by SSR markers showed that: These drought tolerant rice varieties have diversity about allele components. The results using 23 SSR markers for analyzing genetic diversity of 40 varieties have obtajned 82 differences alleles, with an average of 3.57 alleles per SSR loci. The ratio of rare allele is 8.7 percent (2 rare alleles occur at RM3467 and RM5811). PIC value changed from 0.22 to 0.77 (with a mean of 0.56) which showed high diversity of the studied SSR loci. The ratio of homozygosity of native drought tolerant rice varieties are very different in 23 SSR loci. The heterozygosity changed from 0-14.29 percent (with an average of 3.45 percent). The genetic similarity coefficients of 40 varieties were ranging from 0.02 to 0.91. Genetic similarity was determined using Jaccard's similarity coefficients and final dedrogram construction using a UPGMA clustering methods showed that 40 varieties were divided into four major groups, which shows great diversity among varieties. Based on genetic clustering result, drought tolerant phenotype and the origins of rice varieties, eight varieties have been selected as materials for further research on establishment of a database for local rice genetic resources in Vietnam.
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