Fossil fuels, the hydrocarbons within Earth’s crust impact on the environment and atmosphere during burning in internal combustion engine, jet engine to produce energy have to be limited and all the countries have turned their attention to renewable energy. Vietnam will reach its net-zero carbon emission target by 2050 and call for fairness and justice in climate change issues. In order to realise this purpose, the country has to exploit more and more energy from renewable resources such as solar power, wind power and biomass. Microbial fuel cell is an electrochemical system that produces the electron current by using the organic compounds as reductant and oxygen in the air as oxidant. Over the past two decades, microbial fuel cells (MFC) have gained attention because they can directly convert chemical energy from various organic compounds into electrical energy. In MFC, biomass energy is directly harvested as electricity, the most exploitable and versatile form of energy. Therefore, MFC is a promising way to get the energy from biomass, adding a new dimension to the biomass energy industry. In this review, some results of the biomass pretreatment methods towards power harvesting by MFC and the microorganisms used in the biomass fuel MFC were summarized. In addition, strategies to improve the performance of MFC using biomass and future scenarios were highlighted. This review aims to evaluate the performance and applicability of flows in honeycomb MFC. It also assesses the respective performances, advantages and disadvantages, and potential future applications of MFCs with recirculation flow.