The substitution of Co2+ for Fe2+ ions in CoxFe3-xO4 nanoparticles (NPs) to change the magnetic anisotropy and coercivity of Fe3O4 NPs is expected to increase the heating efficiency (SAR) of NPs under alternating magnetic field (AMF). However, SAR also depends on other parameters such as size, shape of NPs as well as frequency and intensity of AMF. This article presents some results of studying the structure, magnetic, and heating properties of CoxFe3-xO4 NPs (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) synthesized by hydrothermal method. The structural and morphological investigations showed that the obtained NPs were single-phase spinel ferrite with mean sizes ranging from 20-50 nm. Magnetic measurements pointed out that saturation magnetization (MS) depended simultaneously on the particle size and Co content. In contrast, the change of coercive force (HC) mainly depended on Co content, which gradually increased and reached the highest value at x = 0.7, then decreased as x increased further. Magnetic induction heating results indicated that the presence of Co ions in CoxFe3-xO4 NPs did not lead to an increase of SAR because their coercive force had a higher value than the intensity of AMF. The high SAR value (339 W/g) of Fe3O4 NPs was due to the simultaneous contribution of relaxation and hysteresis losses and represented their potential application in hyperthermia.