Orthotropic steel decks are widely used for long-span bridge, such as cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges and truss bridges, because of its considerable lightweight and flexibility. In this kind of bridge deck, an asphaltic surfacing structure have been employed to protect the steel plate against corosion and provide riding comfort. However, the increase in traffic loads and volumes, the large local deformations, the wind, the temperatures make the structure of asphalt surfacing on orthotropic steel bridge deck is destroyed. Once of the main and most important damage types is the loss of bond between the surfacing material and the steel plate. Therefore, the main purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of tack coat failure on the mechanical behavior of the steel bridge deck with asphalt surfacing system by using the five-point bending beam model. A good understanding of this problem is required in order to improve the service life of the whole bridge structure.