An improved in vitro plant regeneration system derived from immature embryos of Indica rice cultivars grown in Vietnam has been established. Various factors were tested for callus induction and plant regeneration. It was found that 12 days old immature embryos with the plumule radical axis side placed in contact with N6 basal medium was better than with MS basal medium in response of callus induction and plant regeneration. Callus induction and plant regeneration responses of immature embryo were also affected by the growth regulator levels in the medium. Plant regeneration system of immature embryos of Indica rice cultivars was included steps: Firstly, immature embryos was cultured for callus indution on N6 medium containing 2.4-D (2.0 mg/I) , kinetin (0.1 mg/I), sucrose (30 mg/I) , casein hydrolysate (300 mg/I), L-proline (500 mg/I) under 2000 lux continuous light, 32°C for 2 weeks. Secondly, embryogenic calli were cultured for shoot induction on N6 medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/I) , anpha-NAA (0.1 mg/I), casein hydrolysate (2.0 g/I), L-proline (500 mg/I) , sucrose (30 g/I) at 26°C, 16 h light 8 h dark for 2 weeks. Thirdly, for shoot elongation and rooting induction, callus appearing shoots more than 2 mm in length was subcultured to N6 medium without phytohormones for 2 weeks. Whole plants were transferred to the greenhouse. This plant regeneration system could be used for transformation various genes in immature embryos of different rice cultivars.
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