Trans-province hydraulic structure systems have had important roles in agricultural development and livelihoods in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). These hydraulic systems provide multi-services to various water users such as agro-aquaculture, recreation, tourism, environmental flow maintenance, natural disaster reduction, and salinity intrusion control. However, conflicts among water users and among provinces are increasing due to poor management of trans-province hydraulic systems. It is therefore of crucial importance to develop smart, flexible management schemes to enhance water use efficiency, thus supporting sustainable development in the VMD, especially in the era of the increasing impacts of climate change and salinity intrusion. In this regard, this paper introduces different smart water management schemes that can be applicable to the VMD based on Internet of Things (IoT)