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Trần Sỹ Nam(1), Hồ Minh Nhựt, Nguyễn Ngọc Bảo Trâm, Huỳnh Văn Thảo, Nguyễn Hữu Chiếm, Nguyễn Hà Quốc Tín, Hồ Vũ Khanh

Ảnh hưởng của biochar tre và biochar trấu đến sự phát thải CH4 và N2O từ đất phù sa trong điều kiện phòng thí nghiệm

Effects of bamboo biochar and rice husk biochar on ch4 and n2o emission from alluvial paddy soil in laboratory condition

Tạp chí Khoa học - Đại học Sư phạm TP Hồ Chí Minh

2021

12

2297-2310

1859-3100

Sử dụng biochar được xem là một giải pháp mới có nhiều tiềm năng trong việc ứng dụng để giảm phát thải khí nhà kính,, giảm nhẹ sự biến đổi khí hậu từ hoạt động trồng lúa. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá và so sánh ảnh hưởng của bổ sung biochar tre và biochar trấu vào đất phù sa trong điều kiện ngập nước đến sự phát thải CH4 và N2O. Thí nghiệm được bố trí hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên trong điều kiện đất duy trì ẩm độ 90%, gồm 7 nghiệm thức với 2 loại biochar: (i) biochar tre (BB) và (ii) biochar trấu (RB), 3 tỉ lệ là 0,2%, 0,5% và 1% và đối chứng (NTĐC, không bổ sung biochar). Kết quả cho thấy CH4 là khí phát thải chính và khí N2O phát thải không đáng kể. Bổ sung BB tỉ lệ 0,2%, 0,5% và 1% vào đất làm giảm tổng lượng khí CH4 lần lượt là 19,10%; 27,74% và 25,65% so với nghiệm thức đối chứng. Tương tự, bổ sung RB với tỉ lệ 0,2%, 0,5% và 1% có tổng lượng CH4 phát thải thấp hơn lần lượt 35,29%; 29,53% và 38,54% so với NTĐC. Tổng lượng phát thải GHG (CO2eq) các nghiệm thức bổ sung BB thấp hơn 19,15-27,71% và RB là 29,56-38,49% so với NTĐC. Bổ sung biochar trấu và biochar tre có tác dụng trong việc cắt giảm lượng CH4, N2O sinh ra, trong đó với tỉ lệ 1% bichar trấu cho hiệu quả giảm phát thải tốt nhất trong thí nghiệm.

The application of biochar is a potential new solution to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in mitigating climate change. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare effective CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy soil supplemented with bamboo biochar and rice husk biochar in conditional continuous flooding. The study was carried out in the condition of 90% moisture paddy soil. The seven treatments based on a completely randomized design included both (i) bamboo biochar (BB) and (ii) rice husk biochar (RB) with 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1% and control (CON, without biochar). The main process in the condition of continuous flooding was the emission of CH4 and not N2O. The additional use of bamboo biochar with 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1% reduced total CH4 emissions by 19.10%, 27.74%, and 25.65% compared to CON. Similarly, applying RB with the ratio of 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1% reduced total CH4 emission by 32.59%, 29.53%, and 38.54% compared to CON. Using BB and RB decreased 19.15-27.71% and 29.56-38.49% of total GHG emission (CO2eq), respectively. Adding rice husk biochar and bamboo biochar was effective in lowering the quantity of CH4 and N2O emitted, with the rate of 1% rice husk biochar providing the best emission reduction impact in the experiment.

TTKHCNQG, CTv 138

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