Phu Canh nature reserve is located in Hoa Binh province. Phu Canh has a variety of micro - climates because of the variation in topography, temperature, and rainfall. This results in a diversity of ecosystems and insect biodiversity. The study was carried out from August 2008 to December 2009. The authors used a number of field methods: interview, line - transects, and specimen analysis in this study. 8 species of insects were recorded listed in The Red Data Book of Vietnam (2000 and 2007, belonging to 5 families and 3 orders in Phu Canh Nature Reserve. Among these 8 species, 4 species were listed in The Vietnam Governmental Decree No.32/2006: The major threats to these species are overexploitation ahd habitat loss. Therefore, to conserve these reserve, the most urgent mission is to strengthen the forest protection by increasing the living standards for people.