The study focuses on understanding the relationship of phosphorus composition in the water and sedimentary phases of 2 groups of Hanoi urban lakes (Group 1 includes wastewater-separated lakes, and Group 2 includes wastewater non-separated lakes). The results showed that, due to the accumulation of Phosphorus in the sediment at the lake bottom, a large amount of orthophosphate quickly penetrates the lake water in favorable conditions, causing eutrophication. At the same time, the risk of environmental pollution of lake water due to eutrophication of group 2, which has not been separated from wastewater, dredged, and embankment, is much higher than that of group 1. On this basis, the study proposes integrated technical solutions to minimize degradation and improve water quality for Hanoi urban lakes according to the principle of approaching pollution prevention from outside and eliminating pollution sources in the lake. The solutions to prevent pollution from outside are mainly applied to the second group of lakes, including embankment and wastewater separation. The solutions to eliminate pollution sources in the lake, applicable to both groups of lakes, can be mentioned as dredging of deposited sludge and controlling to keep Phosphorus in the sediment by a combination of salt-based chemicals, namely iron or aluminum metal
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