Primary Nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is the most common glomerular disease in children with an annual incidence rate of 2-7/100,000 children out of a total morbidity rate of 16/100,000. In Vietnam (1981-1990), 1414 children with PNS were admitted to the National Hospital of Pediatrics, accounting for 46,6% of the total number of patients in the Department of Nephrology – Urology. According to the literature, children with chronic kidney disease have changes in saliva composition when long-term use of drugs in the treatment of diseases affect the risk of children's dental disease. Saliva's functions, including lubrication, cushioning, protection for dental tissue, antibacterial functions, and functions in tasting and digesting food, can be influenced by changes in flow and biochemical composition of saliva. What is the change in salivary secretion in children with PNS who are at the first stage of the disease, at present we have not found any studies comparing the characteristics of saliva at the two stages disease progression. This study aims to describe the change in salivary index of children with PNS at the time of first diagnosis and after 6 months of follow-up. Prospective longitudinal study method was performed in 94 children. Research results show that increasing saliva flow with posterior stimulation improves salivary cushioning ability to reduce the risk of tooth decay in children. The calcium and chlorine content increased, but the phosphorus content in saliva decreased slightly. It was found that the group of children with relapsed disease had low salivary flow, average salivary buffering, and a higher risk of tooth decay and tartar compared with the group of children without recurrence.
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