Evaluation of immunohistochemical morphological characteristics and tissue ultrastructural at the experimental wound site after low-power laser irradiation (780nm, dose 3J/cm2). Subjects and methods: Prospective study on 30 rabbits, each rabbit created two full thickness 2R = 4cm wounds on both sides of the back: Wound A (treated with LLLT, 780nm, 3 J/cm2 with 72s irradiation time, 1 time per day); Wound B (control: no laser). Wounds are bandaged and laser irradiated once a day according to the procedure until the lesion is completely epithelialized. Wound biopsies were taken: Before treatment (D0), after 7 days (D7), and after 14 days (D14) of treatment. Results: Immunohistochemical images at D7, D14 showed that the low-level laser therapy area appeared more vascular endothelial cells (+) with CD34 and more fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells (+) SMA when compared to the control side. On the transmitted ultrastructural image (TEM) at D7, the low-level laser therapy area showed less tissue damage than the control side and there was tissue regeneration. Up to D14, the tissue regeneration rate in the low-level laser therapy area is stronger than in the non-irradiated area, increasing the activity of fibroblast organelles (mitochondrial, granular endoplasmic reticulum) and increasing collagen secretion into the extracellular matrix. Conclusions: Low-level laser therapy (780nm, dose 3 J/cm2) accelerates the wound healing process in experimental rabbit models, stimulates vascular proliferation, and increases collagen synthesis in fibroblasts.
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