The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the sediment properties on the distribution of mollusca in the shrimp culturing area in Bac Lieu province as a basis for monitoring of water environment in this area. The mollusca samples were collected at 10 sites in March, June, September and December 2019. The results showed that silt reached much higher percentage in comparison to clay and sand in all studied sites. A total of 46 species of mollusca belonging to 37 genera, 25 families and 13 orders was identified, of which the number of Gastropoda species (32 species) was more than the Bivalvia class (14 species). At each sampling site, 6 - 18 species were detected, corresponding to a density of between 32 - 2,115 inds m-2. Some dominant species were recorded such as Sermyla riqueti, Cerithidea cingulata, Littoraria scabra, Gomphina melanaegis, Nassa reticulata. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed a statistical correlation between the sediment c-haracteristics and the distribution of mollusca in the studied sites in Bac Lieu province.