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Nghiên cứu hoạt tính gây độc của cao chiết ethanol từ trâm ổi (Lantana camara L.) trên ruồi giấm (Drosophila melanogaster)

Toxicity study of ethanol extract from Lantana camara L. in Drosophila melanogaster

Khoa học (Đại học Cần Thơ)

2022

2

151-159

1859-2333

Nghiên cứu này sử dụng ruồi giấm Drosophila melanogaster để đánh giá độc tính của cao chiết ethanol trâm ổi. Kết quả định tính cho thấy trâm ổi có sự hiện diện alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, tanins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides và steroids-triterpenoids. Polyphenols và flavonoids tổng được xác định lần lượt là 123±2,30 mg GAE/g và 309±2,17 mg QE/g cao chiết. Cao chiết trâm ổi có khả năng gây độc cho ruồi giấm ở các nồng độ khác nhau. Ở nồng độ 250 mg/mL, trâm ổi gây chết 84,4±8,39% và nồng độ gây chết 50% (LD50) được xác định là 140 mg/mL. Ở nồng độ 20 mg/mL, trâm ổi ảnh hưởng đến sự sinh trưởng và phát triển của ruồi giấm thể hiện qua số nhộng hình thành thấp hơn so với đối chứng, tỉ lệ chết ở giai đoạn nhộng 55,9±2,09%, khả năng tích trữ năng lượng như carbohydrate, lipid và protein giảm. Nghiên cứu còn ghi nhận trâm ổi có khả năng ức chế hoạt tính của các enzyme thuộc nhóm esterase và phosphatase. Từ đó cho thấy trâm ổi là thực vật có khả năng tổng hợp các hợp chất thứ cấp gây độc cho ruồi giấm.

In this study, Drosophila melanogaster was used to evaluate the toxicity of ethanol extract from lantana (Lantana camara L.). Preliminary chemical composition screening determined the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, tannins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and steroidstriterpenoids in the plant extract. The amount of polyphenols and flavonoids were determined with the values of 123±2.30 mg GAE/g extract and 309±2.17 mg QE/g extract, respectively. Lantana extract has the potential of causing toxicity on Drosophila melanogaster at different concentrations. At 250 mg/mL concentration, the mortality rate of Drosophila melanogaster was the highest at 84.4±8.39%, and the LD50 value was determined 140 mg/mL. At concentration of 20 mg/mL the effects of lantana extract on the growth and development of fruit flies was demonstrated through a lower total number of formed pupae compared with the control treatment, the mortality rate of 55.9±2.09% at the pupal stage as well as the decrease in the ability to store energy components including carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. In addition, the study also noted that lantana extract could inhibit the activity of enzymes belonging to the esterase and phosphatase groups. It is concluded that lantana is a capable plant of synthesizing secondary compounds which are toxic to fruit flies.

TTKHCNQG, CVv 403

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